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1993-03-28
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The NetWare NFS Server and USL UNIX
-----------------------------------
This document describes how to access a NetWare NFS Server from a UNIX host
running USL System V Release 4.2. It contains detailed information about the
specific UNIX administration tasks you must perform from your USL UNIX host
to use the following NetWare NFS services:
* NFS server
* NetWare-to-UNIX Print Gateway
* UNIX-to-NetWare Print Gateway
Identifying the NetWare Server
------------------------------
Before you can access any of the NFS services on the NetWare server, you must
enter the hostname and IP address of your NetWare server into the /etc/hosts
file on your UNIX system. This is done by adding the following line of text to
the /etc/hosts file:
IP_address Hostname
Replace IP_address and Hostname with the Internet address and hostname of your
NetWare NFS server.
You must also enter the IP address and hostname of the USL machine in the
SYS:ETC\HOSTS file on your NetWare server. When entering the name of the USL
system in the host table, use the principal name for the UNIX host (do not use
an alias).
The NFS Server
--------------
To access the NetWare NFS server, the UNIX system administrator must be able
to perform the following tasks:
* Mount an exported NetWare NFS directory.
* Unmount a mounted file system.
* Configure the system to automount an NFS file system.
Mounting an Exported NetWare NFS Directory
------------------------------------------
To mount a Network File System, you must log in to the system using the root
or superuser account. Before you mount the file system, you must create a
directory to serve as a mount point for the file system. The file system is
then mounted using the following command:
mount -F nfs -o options NFS_server:Exported_directory Mount_point
Available options include the following:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
|Option Description |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
|retry=n Number of times to retry the mount operation. |
|timeo=n Set the NFS timeout to n tenths of a second. |
|retrans=n Number of NFS retransmissions. |
|rw|ro Read/write or read-only. |
|soft|hard Return an error if the server does not respond, or|
| continue the retry request until the server responds. |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Replace each of the following variables as indicated:
NFS_server with the name of the NetWare NFS server
Exported_directory with the name of the NetWare directory expressed
using UNIX conventions
Mount_point with the full pathname to the mount point.
Example:
Suppose you want to mount the NetWare USER:STUDENTS directory on the NetWare
server NFSSERV using /home/students as a mount point. First, create the
/home/students directory with the following command:
mkdir /home/students
Then mount the file system with the following command:
mount -F nfs -o soft,retry=4 nfsserv:/user/students /home/students
Verifying Mounted File Systems
------------------------------
You can verify which NFS file systems are currently mounted on your server by
displaying the contents of the /etc/mnttab mount table, or by entering the
following command:
mount
Unmounting a Mounted File System
--------------------------------
Use the following command to unmount an NFS file system:
umount Mount_point
Replace Mount_point with the full pathname to the mount point of the file
system.
Configuring the System to Automount a Network File System
---------------------------------------------------------
The /etc/vfsstab file contains entries for all file systems that are mounted
during the system startup. If you want the file system to mount at boot time,
you can do the following:
* Mount the file system manually and then
* Enter the following command to write all of the currently mounted
file systems to the /etc/vfstab file:
mount -p > /etc/vfstab
The UNIX-to-NetWare Print Gateway
---------------------------------
Before configuring a printer on your UNIX host, make sure the name and IP
address of the NetWare NFS server are in the /etc/hosts file on the UNIX host.
Procedure
---------
To configure printing, complete the following steps:
* Log in to the UNIX host as the root user.
* Register the remote NetWare NFS server with the LP print service and
define the way the two servers will communicate. You should
configure the LP service to print to a BSD-type printer on the
NetWare server with the retry count set to 5 and the timeout set to
10 seconds:
lpsystem -t bsd -R 5 -T 10 NetWare_server
Replace NetWare_server with the name of the remote NetWare server.
* Create a UNIX queue that points to the NetWare server by entering the
following command:
lpadmin -p Printer -s NetWare_server:Printer
-I simple,postscript,troff
For example, to create a UNIX printer called psprint to point to the
queue called psprint on the NetWare NFS server called nfsserv,
enter the following command:
lpadmin -p psprint -s nfsserv:psprint
-I simple,postscript,troff
The -I parameter allows PostScript, simple, and troff file formats.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: The UNIX printer and the NetWare queue should have the same
name.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
* Enable queuing by typing:
enable Printer
* Accept print requests by typing:
accept Printer
* Stop and start the LP scheduler.
/usr/sbin/lpshut (Stop the scheduler.)
/usr/lib/lp/lpsched (Start the scheduler.)
* Test the printer with the following command:
lp -d Printer filename
* Examine the queue on the NetWare server typing the following command:
lpstat Printer
Troubleshooting
---------------
If you have any trouble printing, examine the following LP log files for clues:
/var/lp/logs/lpNet
/var/lp/logs/lpsched
If it takes several minutes before a job submitted from the UNIX host appears
in the NetWare Print Queue, you can try any of the following:
* Restart the print service by entering the following commands while
logged in to the system as the root user:
/usr/sbin/lpshut
/usr/lib/lp/lpsched
* Send a print job to the UNIX host from the NetWare server using the
NetWare-to-UNIX print server.
* Set up TCP/IP as the preferred network by editing the /etc/netconfig
file to place the TCP/IP entries at the beginning of the file. Reboot
the UNIX system after you edit the /etc/netconfig file.
The NetWare-to-UNIX Print Gateway
---------------------------------
Before configuring the NetWare-to-UNIX Print Gateway, you should verify that
the port monitor is running by entering the following command:
pmadm -l -p tcp -s
If the port monitor is ready to accept printer service requests over your
network, you should get output similar to the following:
PMTAG PMTYPE SVCTAG FLGS ID SCHEME <PMSPECIFIC>
tcp listen lpd - root - \x00020203 0000000000000000 -
p - /var/spool/lp/fifos/listenBSD #
tcp listen 0 - root - \x00020ACE8239 0373000000000000
0000 - c - /usr/lib/saf/nlps_server #
Verify that entries exist for SVCTAG entries 0 and lpd.
Procedure
---------
To configure NetWare-to-UNIX printing, configure the UNIX system as follows:
* Enter the name and IP address of the NetWare NFS server in the
/etc/hosts file on the UNIX system.
* Register the remote NetWare NFS server with the LP print service and
define the way the systems will communicate. The LP print service
should be configured to accept BSD-type print requests from the
NetWare server with the retry count set to 5 and the timeout period
set to 10 seconds:
lpsystem -t bsd -R 5 -T 10 NetWare_server
Replace NetWare_server with the name of the remote NetWare NFS server.
* Define the printer.
Use the lpadmin command to define the printer.
Example:
Enter the following command to define an IBM ProPrinter II at the
parallel port:
lpadmin -p ibm -v /dev/lp0 -T ibmproprinter
For classroom purposes it is often desirable to direct all print jobs
to your console screen. You can define a console screen to act as a
printer by entering the following command:
lpadmin -p screen -v device_name
Replace device_name with the name of your terminal (you can determine
the name of your terminal by entering the tty command).
Configure the NetWare NFS Print Gateway as follows:
* Use NFSADMIN to configure a NetWare print queue to point to the
printer you defined on the UNIX system. You should give the NetWare
print queue the same name as the UNIX printer.
* Stop the UNIX-to-NetWare Print Server by entering the following
console commands:
UNLOAD LPR_GWY
UNLOAD LPR_PSRV
* Restart the UNIX-to-NetWare Print Server by entering the following
console commands:
LOAD LPR_PSRV
LOAD LPR_GWY
Troubleshooting
---------------
If the UNIX system accepts but does not print jobs from the NetWare print
gateway, resubmit the jobs using the following PCONSOLE settings:
* File contents. Use Text instead of the default setting of Byte
Stream.
* Print Banner. Should be set to Yes.
Use the PRINTCON utility to create a default configuration using these settings
for the UNIX printer.
If you have any trouble printing, examine the following LP log files for clues:
/var/lp/logs/lpNet
/var/lp/logs/lpsched
USL Printing Commands
---------------------
The following table summarizes the printing-related commands available on
System V Release 4 machines:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Command Description
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
lp Print a file
lpstat Determine status of printer or print job
cancel Cancel a print job
lpmove Move print jobs to a different destination
lpadmin Create or modify a printer configuration, mount
a form
enable Activate a printer
disable Deactivate a printer
accept Permit job requests to be queued to a printer
reject Prevent jabs from being queued to a destination
/usr/lib/lp/lpsched Start the LP scheduler
lpshut Stop the LP scheduler
lpsystem Register a remote system with the local LP print
service
lpfilter Create or modify a filter definition
lpforms Create or modify a form
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------